Question:* What is mode?
Answer: • The most frequently occuring data point in a set of observations
Question:* Which of the following methods model the effect of two or more inputs on an output variable?
Answer: • Multivariate regression
Question:* Which of the following would be an observational study?
Answer: • a behavior chart
Question:* Which of the following is NOT a common categorization in Value Add Analysis?
Answer: • Value failure
Question:* When used together for variables data, which of the following pair of quantities is the most useful in preparing controls charts?
Answer: • X-bar and R
Question:* When implementing Statistical Process Control which of the following would be considered undesirable?
Answer: • The control limits are wider than customer specification limits
Question:* The objective of Design of Experiments (DOE) is to:
Answer: • Find the right settings for key process input variables, to optimize process performance
Question:* True or false? Benchmarking always focuses on companies within the same industry.
Answer: • False
Question:* True of false? You can always use the same standard deviation when calculating a sigma score, regardless of time frame.
Answer: • False
Question:* Why are variable control chart subgroup sizes generally 3, 4, 5, or 6? A: Larger subgroup sizes would permit an opportunity for process changes with the subgroup. B: They easily fit on traditional chart paper C: They are large enough so that averages of data will follow the normal distribution D: They permit a separation of within time from time-to-time variation
Answer: • A, C, and D
Question:* The over-arching intent of a Six Sigma analysis is to:
Answer: • Reduce variation to be within the customer's specification limits, and to center the process mean to align with the customer's target.
Question:* Which of the following tools is used to translate broad requirements to specific requirements:
Answer: • Critical to Quality (CTQ) tree
Question:* Which of the following techniques is most suitable to collect requirements at the earliest stages of designing a process or a product
Answer: • QFD
Question:* TPM efforts attempt to minimize six big losses. Which of the following would NOT be included:
Answer: • Employee absenteeism
Question:* What six sigma technique is used to quantify the amount of error in a measurement system?
Answer: • Gage R&R
Question:* What does the total area beneath a normal curve equate to?
Answer: • 1
Question:* In an estimated Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY) equation, what is the Defects per Unit (DPU) threshold limit?
Answer: • <10%
Question:* The proportion of units that go through a process for the first time without defect is called:
Answer: • the first pass yield
Question:* Excessive conflict within a work team: A: Has a positive effect on creating alternate solutions B: Most often results in lose-lose situations C: Has a negative effect on team members and should be avoided
Answer: • B and C
Question:* Statistics are an important part of the analysis phase. What is the largest value minus the smallest value?
Answer: • The range
Question:* A team has been asked to improve the small purchase process in a firm. They decide to create a flow chart of the existing process because it will:
Answer: • Visualize the process
Question:* True or false? Regression tests are functional tests.
Answer: • True
Question:* The mentor for a Green Belt exam should be at least be designated what?
Answer: • Black Belt
Question:* What first step should six sigma projects begin with?
Answer: • Define
Question:* When would Cp equal Cpk in a capability index calculation?
Answer: • When the process is perfectly centered
Question:* What does SIPOC stand for?
Answer: • Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, Customers
Question:* The surface appearance of a refrigerator is not satisfactory. This statement is the outcome of what analysis/evaluation?
Answer: • Attribute Measurement
Question:* What does a diamond symbol signify in a Process Map
Answer: • Decision
Question:* When the mean of the process is outside the customer specification limits the value of Cpk will be:
Answer: • Negative
Question:* Measuring a process' performance against that of a best-in-class peer or competitor, and then using the findings to identify opportunities to improve, is defined as what?
Answer: • Benchmarking
Question:* Six Sigma is a managerial approach designed to create processes resulting in at most how many defects?
Answer: • 3.4 defects per million opportunities
Question:* Which quality innovator formulated the cause and effect diagram?
Answer: • Ishikawa
Question:* Which of the following is an INAPPROPRiate application of a Pareto chart?
Answer: • An alphabetic based ranking of categories
Question:* Team empowerment derives from: A. The organizational management B. Access to organizational information C. Access granted to organizational resources
Answer: • A, B, and C
Question:* Which of the following are potential benefits of Process Mapping?
Answer: • (All of these)
Question:* Callaway makes golf clubs. Which of the following is not considered one of Callaways internal customers?
Answer: • Retail Store
Question:* When considering the "rule of thumb" that 20% of the inputs result in 80% of the outputs, what graphical tool is effective for prioritizing Critical X's?
Answer: • Pareto Chart
Question:* Which of the following is NOT a DMAIC term?
Answer: • Cause
Question:* What is the F distribution used for?
Answer: • To study the equality of two variances
Question:* Which of the following reflects the meaning of the word “Poka –Yoke�
Answer: • Mistake Proof
Question:* The QFD process can be described as:
Answer: • A customer driven process
Question:* What is the most logical reason for using short run SPC charts?
Answer: • There is limited data
Question:* The tendency for highly cohesive groups to lose their critical evaluative capabilities is:
Answer: • Groupthink
Question:* Which of the following devices are associated with the visual factory
Answer: • Andon boards
Question:* How is the risk priority number in a FMEA exercise derived?
Answer: • severity x occurrence x detection
Question:* The following objective is relevant to which Phase of a DMAIC Six Sigma Project: To identify the process and Critical to Quality (CTQ) parameters which will be improved, using Voice of the Customer (VOC), Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Pareto Chart, etc.
Answer: • Define
Question:* A process resulting in 99% accuracy to customer specifications, is equivalent to what Sigma level (Process Capability)?
Answer: • 3.8 Sigma
Question:* The following objectives are relevant to which Phase of a DMAIC Six Sigma Project: * Identify the measurable Y metric that will be improved. * Define a defect from the customer’s perspective * Ensure that you can trust the measurement of the Y
Answer: • Measure
Question:* What variable is used to describe a sigma score?
Answer: • Z
Question:* Which of the following represents how variance is computed?
Answer: • Average squared deviation of each individual data point from the mean
Question:* The distribution of the average of n samples will follow which distribution as n becomes large?
Answer: • Normal
Question:* Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is what kind of a tool?
Answer: • Planning Tool
Question:* My company operates at a yield of 68.27%, At what sigmal level is my company operating at?
Answer: • 1 sigma
Question:* Subgroups are used in which types of SPC charts?
Answer: • Xbar charts
Question:* A chart that contains defect types on the X axis, customers on the Y axis, and numbers of defects at the corresponding column and row intersections is called:
Answer: • A matrix diagram
Question:* Which of the following is not the preserve of a "Project Champion"
Answer: • Provides technical six sigma expertise
Question:* After the completion of a process improvement, what two actions are required? A: The operating manual must be revised B: The operating documentation must be updated C: Management should be trained on the new changes D: The documentation users should be trained on the changes
Answer: • B and D
Question:* The expected (theoretical) value for a cell in a contingency table is calculated by which formula:
Answer: • row total * column total / grand total
Question:* What information does Cp convey?
Answer: • Process potential
Question:* Why is acceptance sampling conducted?
Answer: • To estimate if the entire lot is of acceptable quality
Question:* A Six Sigma Black Belt would be responsible for all of the following except:
Answer: • Line management of improved processes, post-implementation
Question:* Which of the following sets of variables can be controlled to change performance in six sigma?
Answer: • Independent Variables
Question:* When the Upper Specification Limit (USL) and Lower Specification Limit (LSL) for a Six Sigma Process are plotted on a Normal Distribution, they are located at:
Answer: • +6 standard deviations and -6 standard deviations from the Mean, respectively
Question:* What does a control limit indicate?
Answer: • a process event or measurement is likely to fall within that limit
Question:* What does 5 sigma represent in defects per million opportunities (DPMO)?
Answer: • 233 defects per million opportunities
Question:* Which of the following would non-functional testing be used for?
Answer: • Testing a system's architecture
Question:* Which of the following is NOT a normally accepted control chart interpretation rule violation?
Answer: • Ten points in a row in zone 1
Question:* Which of the following is NOT an example of non-functional testing?
Answer: • Black box testing
Question:* Which of the following statements is false with respect to Gage R&R?
Answer: • When conducting an R&R Study, you must not use production parts, or parts that are similar to production parts
Question:* "Process ACME" involves the manufacturing of Smart boxes. In Process ACME, A,B,C & D are the opportunities for defects. In one such process, 20 defects were found in 100 smart boxes made. What is the six sigma level at which Process ACME is operating?
Answer: • 3.145
Question:* A F-distribution most closely resembles:
Answer: • A chi-square distribution
Question:* Of the following, for what purpose would a p-chart be used?
Answer: • Monitor the fraction defective
Question:* In Measurement System Analysis the variance contribution allowed for Gage R & R is a maximum of:
Answer: • 30%
Question:* If four inspectors were evaluated for the detection and non-detection of a defect in twenty samples, how many degrees of freedom would be used to determine the critical chi-square value?
Answer: • 3
Question:* A manufacturer of bicycles would like to visualize where the defects occur on the bicycles. The defects encountered so far include missing bolts, paint peeling, missing decals, sharp edges, and bent metal parts. A useful tool for this application is a:
Answer: • Measles chart
Question:* Which of the following is NOT an automated regression testing tool?
Answer: • TinderBot
Question:* Cpk has been calculated for a stable, non-automated process. Then, the operator is told to check samples at random and make centering adjustments based on the sample readings. One would expect that:
Answer: • Process capability has gotten worse
Question:* The accuracy of a measuring instrument is linked to the U.S National Standards by:
Answer: • Traceability
Question:* There is a 50% chance that a bike will be produced with a defect. This probability is called the:
Answer: • throughput yield
Question:* What is the primary metric used in baseline measurement?
Answer: • Output
Question:* Kanban concepts include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Answer: • Wide applicability to repetitive and non-repetitive production plants
Question:* Kano Model shows the path towards what behavior?
Answer: • Delighting a customer
Question:* Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the short run set chart?
Answer: • The control limits are looser than with X-bar and R charts
Question:* Which of the following statements about the Student T distribution are true? i) It has a mean of t=0 ii) As the sample size reduces, the student t distribution gets closer to the standard normal distribution iii) The standard deviation of the t distribution is always greater than 1
Answer: • 1,2 & 3
Question:* What design methodology uses the IDEA process for product definition and development?
Answer: • Portfolio architecting
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